国务院关于大力加强城乡个体工商户和私营企业税收征管工作的决定
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国务院关于大力加强城乡个体工商户和私营企业税收征管工作的决定
国务院关于大力加强城乡个体工商户和私营企业税收征管工作的决定
国务院
党的十一届三中全会以来，我国个体经济、私营经济发展很快。这对发展社会生产力，繁荣社会主义商品经济，广开就业门路，方便人民生活，都起到了积极作用。但必须看到，在个体经济、私营经济的发展过程中也出现了一些值得注意的问题，特别是少数人采取种种非法手段，牟取
暴利，造成社会成员之间收入差距过大，引起群众不满。为了贯彻落实党的十三届四中全会精神，采取切实有效措施，缓解社会分配不公的矛盾，增加国家财政收入，必须坚持以法治税，大力加强城乡个体工商户和私营企业税收征管工作。为此，特作如下决定：
一、正确贯彻党和国家的发展个体经济和私营经济的方针、政策。在以公有制为主体的前提下发展个体经济、私营经济和其他多种经济成份，是党和国家在社会主义初级阶段的一项长期指导方针，必须始终贯彻执行。要继续鼓励个体经济和私人经济的发展，作为公有制经济的补充；提
倡在共同富裕的目标下，一部分人通过诚实劳动和合法经营先富起来。要按照国家有关法规，保障个体工商户和私营企业的正当经营活动和合法收入，坚决制止乱摊派、乱收费。同时，要对个体经济和私营经济加强引导、监督和管理。所有依法经营的合法收入都必须照章纳税，特别要运用
税收等手段调节过高的收入，以缓解分配不公的矛盾。对采取偷漏税收和其他不正当手段牟取暴利者，要依法处理，严厉制裁。各级个体劳动者协会和私营企业协会，要积极协助各级政府做好这项工作。
二、今年十月底以前对城乡个体工商户和私营企业的纳税情况集中进行一次全面检查整顿。检查整顿的重点是，贯彻国务院发布的《中华人民共和国城乡个体工商业户所得税暂行条例》、《中华人民共和国私营企业暂行条例》、《中华人民共和国私营企业所得税暂行条例》、《国务院
关于征收私营企业投资者个人收入调节税的规定》及国务院有关部门陆续制定的一系列实施办法和具体规定的执行情况，以及个体工商户和私营企业1988年以来的经营、纳税情况。方法上，可以采取在普遍自查的基础上，对经营规模大、问题多的重点户组织抽查。要严格掌握政策，坚
持自查自报问题处理从宽，被查瞒报问题处理从严。对检查中发现的问题，要按税法规定，该补税的立即补交，该处罚的严格处罚；对情节严重构成犯罪的，要移送司法机关追究刑事责任。有关检查整顿的具体实施方案，由国家税务局负责制定，并组织实施。
三、加强征收管理，使城乡个体工商户和私营企业税收征管工作逐步实现制度化、规范化。通过检查整顿，达到以下要求：
（一）个体工商户、私营企业必须严格按工商行政管理机关批准的经营范围从事合法经营，擅自超出经营范围的，视为非法经营，坚决查处。各级工商行政管理机关要组织力量，对经营范围进行一次普遍检查。对检查中发现的问题，根据情节轻重，依法分别予以警告、罚款，没收非法
所得，责令停业整顿的处理，情节严重的，应吊销其营业执照。对于无照经营的，要坚决予以取缔。
（二）个体工商户和私营企业不得弄虚作假，冒领国营、集体企业营业执照，也不得挂靠到国营企业、集体企业（含乡镇、街道企业）名下经营。已经这样做了的，要立即纠正；拒不纠正的，工商行政管理机关应吊销其营业执照。
（三）私营企业和达到规定经营规模的个体工商户，都必须建帐。工商行政管理机关在核发营业执照后，对凡要求建帐而不建帐的，应责令其停业整顿或吊销其营业执照。对建假帐的，一经查实，要按规定处以罚款，并限期纠正；逾期不纠正的，吊销其营业执照，依法严肃处理。今后
工商行政管理机关在验照和年检时，要把是否建帐作为一项检查内容，对应建帐而未建帐的，要按规定严肃处理。
（四）对未达到规定经营规模暂未建帐的个体工商户，按照定期定额的办法征税。要采用同行业评议等有效办法，确定合理定额。定额确定后，应视其经营变化情况及时调整。在收入额超过税务机关核定的定额时，个体工商户必须主动向主管税务机关申报调整定额，如不主动申报，应
视同偷税予以处罚。
（五）个体工商户和私营企业在生产经营活动中，必须按照国家有关规定如实开具和取得票证。税务机关要加强发票管理，查禁一切违反规定的无票证经营活动。
四、一切个体工商户和私营企业都必须按照规定，自领营业执照之日起三十日内，到税务机关办理纳税登记。已领取营业执照而末办理税务登记的个体工商户，必须在本通知发出之日起一个月内，向税务机关办理税务登记。所有个体工商户和私营企业都必须主动申报，自觉纳税，税务
机关要加强监督检查。临时经营的个体工商户，也必须主动申报纳税。有代扣代缴税款义务的单位和个人，都必须严格按规定，切实履行代扣代缴税款义务，做好代扣代缴税款工作。
五、广泛深入开展税法宣传教育，提高纳税人依法纳税观念。国务院责成国家税务局制订普及税法教育的具体计划。各级司法部门和宣传、教育部门都要主动配合税务机关，把搞好税收政策、法规的宣传教育工作，当作一项重要任务来抓。要充分利用广播、电视、报刊、教科书和普法
教育等多种形式，普及税法知识，增强公民依法纳税观念，培养公民自觉纳税习惯，树立依法纳税光荣、偷税漏税可耻的社会风尚。要加强舆论监督，对依法纳税的要表扬；拒不纳税的，要依法公开处理。
六、调整加强征管力量，改进征管手段。各级税务机关要合理调整使用干部，保证征管第一线的需要。要通过多种形式、多层次的干部教育、培训，加强对税务人员的培养，提高他们的政治、业务素质。所有税务人员都不得徇私情，接受纳税人的请吃和送礼，接受贿赂。要尽可能改进
交通和通讯等征管手段，有关部门对税务机关所需征管交通工具和通讯器材应积极支持解决。
七、统一认识，加强组织领导。各级政府和有关部门应当认识到，加强对个体工商户和私营企业的税收征收管理，引导个体工商户和私营企业健康发展，不仅有经济意义，而且具有重要的政治意义。因此，各级政府都要把它作为一项重要任务，列入工作的议事日程，经常进行研究，作
出具体部署，加强监督检查，切实抓紧抓好。各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府要确定一名领导同志负责此项工作。工商行政管理、公安等部门要切实负起责任，主动支持、配合税务机关。各级银行要按照中国人民银行、国家税务局发出的《关于认真贯彻国务院决定加强金融税务部门配合的
联合通知》中的各项要求，认真履行职责。
本决定贯彻情况，各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府于十一月底前报告国务院，同时抄送国家税务局。
1989年8月30日
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增值税专用发票使用规定(试行)(附英文)
增值税专用发票使用规定(试行)(附英文)
1993年12月30日，税务总局
第一条 增值税专用发票(以下简称专用发票)只限于增值税的一般纳税人领购使用, 增值税的小规模纳税人和非增值税纳税人不得领购使用。
第二条 一般纳税人有下列情形之一者, 不得领购使用专用发票:
(一)会计核算不健全, 即不能按会计制度和税务机关的要求准确核算增值税的销项税额、进项税额和应纳税额者。
(二) 不能向税务机关准确提供增值税销项税额、进项税额、应纳税额数据及其他有关增值税税务资料者。
上述其他有关增值税税务资料的内容, 由国家税务总局直属分局确定。
(三) 有以下行为, 经税务机关责令限期改正而仍未改正者:
1.私自印制专用发票;
2.向个人或税务机关以外的单位买取专用发票;
3.借用他人专用发票;
4.向他人提供专用发票;
5.未按本规定第五条的要求开具专用发票;
6.未按规定保管专用发票;
7.未按本规定第十六条的规定申报专用发票的购、用、存情况;
8.未按规定接受税务机关检查。
(四) 销售的货物全部属于免税项目者。
有上列情形的一般纳税人如已领购使用专用发票, 税务机关应收缴其结存的专用发票。
第三条 除本规定第四条所列情形外, 一般纳税人销售货物 (包括视同销售货物在内) 、应税劳务, 根据增值税细则规定应当征收增值税的非应税劳务 (以下简称销售应税项目) , 必须向购买方开具专用发票。
第四条 下列情形不得开具专用发票:
(一) 向消费者销售应税项目。
(二) 销售免税项目。
(三) 销售报关出口的货物、在境外销售应税劳务。
(四) 将货物用于非应税项目。
(五) 将货物用于集体福利或个人消费。
(六) 将货物无偿赠送他人。
(七) 提供非应税劳务(应当征收增值税的除外)、转让无形资产或销售不动产。
向小规模纳税人销售应税项目, 可以不开具专用发票。
第五条 专用发票必须按下列要求开具:
(一) 字迹清楚。
(二) 不得涂改。
如填写有误, 应另行开具专用发票, 并在误填的专用发票上注明“误填作废”四字。如专用发票开具后因购货方不索取而成为废票的, 也应按填写有误办理。
(三) 项目填写齐全。
(四) 票、物相符, 票面金额与实际收取的金额相符。
(五) 各项目内容正确无误。
(六) 全部联次一次填开, 上、下联的内容和金额一致。
(七) 发票联和抵扣联加盖财务专用章或发票专用章。
(八) 按照本规定第六条所规定的时限开具专用发票。
(九) 不得开具伪造的专用发票。
(十) 不得拆本使用专用发票。
(十一) 不得开具票样与国家税务总局统一制定的票样不相符合的专用发票。
开具的专用发票有不符合上列要求者, 不得作为扣税凭证, 购买方有权拒收。
第六条 专用发票开具时限规定如下:
(一) 采用预收货款、托收承付、委托银行收款结算方式的, 为货物发出的当天。
(二) 采用交款提货结算方式的, 为收到货款的当天。
(三) 采用赊销、 分期付款结算方式的, 为合同约定的收款日期的当天。
(四) 将货物交付他人代销, 为收到受托人送交的代销清单的当天。
(五) 设有两个以上机构并实行统一核算的纳税人, 将货物从一个机构移送其他机构用于销售, 按规定应当征收增值税的, 为货物移送的当天。
(六) 将货物作为投资提供给其他单位或个体经营者, 为货物移送的当天。
(七) 将货物分配给股东, 为货物移送的当天。
一般纳税人必须按规定时限开具专用发票, 不得提前或滞后。
第七条 专用发票的基本联次统一规定为四联, 各联次必须按以下规定用途使用:
(一) 第一联为存根联, 由销货方留存备查。
(二) 第二联为发票联, 购货方作付款的记帐凭证。
(三) 第三联为税款抵扣联, 购货方作扣税凭证。
(四) 第四联为记帐联, 销货方作销售的记帐凭证。
第八条 除购进免税农业产品和自营进口货物外, 购进应税项目有下列情况之一者, 不得抵扣进项税额:
(一) 未按规定取得专用发票。
(二) 未按规定保管专用发票。
(三) 销售方开具的专用发票不符合本规定第五条第(一)至(九)项和第(十一)项的要求。
第九条 有下列情形之一者, 为本规定第八条所称未按规定取得专用发票:
(一) 未从销售方取得专用发票。
(二) 只取得记帐联或只取得抵扣联。
第十条 有下列情形之一者, 为本规定第二条、第八条所称未按规定保管专用发票:
(一) 未按照税务机关的要求建立专用发票管理制度。
(二) 未按照税务机关的要求设专人保管专用发票。
(三) 未按照税务机关的要求设置专门存放专用发票的场所。
(四) 税款抵扣联未按税务机关的要求装订成册。
(五) 未经税务机关查验擅自销毁专用发票的基本联次。
(六) 丢失专用发票。
(七) 损(撕)毁专用发票。
(八) 未执行国家税务总局或其直属分局提出的其他有关保管专用发票的要求。
第十一条 有本规定第八条所列情形者, 如其购进应税项目的进项税额已经抵扣, 应从税务机关发现其有上述情形的当期的进项税额中扣减。
第十二条 销售货物并向购买方开具专用发票后, 如发生退货或销售折让,应视不同情况分别按以下规定办理:
购买方在未付货款并且未作帐务处理的情况下, 须将原发票联和税款抵扣联主动退还销售方。销售方收到后, 应在该发票联和税款抵扣联及有关的存根联、记帐联上注明“作废”字样, 作为扣减当期销项税额的凭证。未收到购买方退还的专用发票前, 销售方不得扣减当期销项税额。属于销售折让的, 销售方应按折让后的货款重开专用发票。
在购买方已付货款, 或者货款未付但已作帐务处理, 发票联及抵扣联无法退还的情况下, 购买方必须取得当地主管税务机关开具的进货退出或索取折让证明单(以下简称证明单)送交销售方, 作为销售方开具红字专用发票的合法依据。销售方在未收到证明单以前, 不得开具红字专用发票; 收到证明单后, 根据退回货物的数量、价款或折让金额向购买方开具红字专用发票。红字专用发票的存根联、记帐联作为销售方扣减当期销项税额的凭证, 其发票联、税款抵扣联作为购买方扣减进项税额的凭证。
购买方收到红字专用发票后, 应将红字专用发票所注明的增值税额从当期进项税额中扣减。如不扣减, 造成不纳税或少纳税的, 属于偷税行为。
第十三条 使用电子计算机开具专用发票必须报经主管税务机关批准并使用由税务机关监制的机外发票。
第十四条 符合下列条件的一般纳税人, 可以向主管税务机关申请使用电子计算机开具专用发票:
(一) 有专业电子计算机技术人员、操作人员。
(二) 具备通过电子计算机开具专用发票和按月列印进货、销货及库存清单的能力。
(三) 国家税务总局直属分局规定的其他条件。
第十五条 申请使用电子计算机, 必须向主管税务机关提供申请报告及以下资料:
(一) 按照专用发票(机外发票)格式用电子计算机制作的模拟样张。
(二) 根据会计操作程序用电子计算机制作的最近月份的进货、销货及库存清单。
(三) 电子计算机设备的配置情况。
(四) 有关专用电子计算机技术人员、操作人员的情况。
(五) 国家税务总局直属分局要求提供的其他资料。
第十六条 使用专用发票必须按月在《增值税纳税申报表》附列资料栏目中如实填列购、用(包括作废)、存情况。
第十七条 进货退出或索取折让证明单的基本联次为三联: 第一联为存根联, 由税务机关留存备查; 第二联为证明联, 交由购买方送销售方为开具红字专用发票的合法依据; 第三联由购货单位留存。
证明单必须由税务机关开具, 并加盖主管税务机关印章, 不得将证明单交由纳税人自行开具。
证明单的印制, 按照《中华人民共和国发票管理办法》及其细则有关发票印制的规定办理。
一般纳税人取得的证明单应按照税务机关的要求装订成册, 并按照有关发票保管的规定进行保管。
第十八条 专用发票的票样与进货退出或索取折让证明单的样式, 由国家税务总局统一制定, 其他单位和纳税人不得擅自改变。
第十九条 本规定所称税务机关、主管税务机关、均指国家税务总局及其所属支局以上征收机关。
第二十条 本规定自1994年1月1日起执行。
PROVISIONS FOR THE USE OF SPECIAL INVOICES OF VALUE-ADDED TAX
(State Administration of Taxation: 27 December 1993)
Whole Doc.
The
(hereinafter referred to as "the Provisions") are formulated by the State
Administration of Taxation to tighten control over the use of special
invoices of Value-Added Tax (hereinafter referred to as "special
invoices") and to ensure the successful implementation of the Value-Added
Tax crediting system based on the amount of tax specified on invoices.
Copies of the Provisions are hereby sent to you with the following notice
on the pertinent questions:
1. Special invoices are not only important commercial papers in
taxpayers' business activities, but also legal certificates on which both
the seller's tax obligation and the amount of imput tax for purchasers are
recorded, with a decisive role in the computation and administration of
Value-Added Tax. Leading comrades of the State Council have given
instructions that the way to administer special invoices should be the
same as for bank notes. As such, tax authorities at all levels in various
places must pay great attention to the use and administration of special
invoices, endeavor to gain the support of government leaders at various
levels and assistance from the financial, banking, auditing,
administration for industry and commerce, public security, public
prosecution and other departments concerned and to make earnest efforts to
strengthen on work guidance and administer strictly in accordance with the
provisions for the use of special invoices.
2. Starting from January 1, 1994, general taxpayers selling goods or
taxable services must issue special invoices in accordance with the
Provisions. In case where special invoices are needed but not issued and
ordinary invoices are still used, purchasers would not be allowed to claim
any credit on input tax.
Ordinary invoices issued in the previous year received by general
taxpayers can be used as tax-crediting certificates only before January
31. For those that cannot be used as certificates for crediting the input
tax of the current period, the input tax which are separated from
start-of-period inventory, may be readjusted upward in accordance with
provisions of the pertinent policy.
3. Those which violate the Provisions for the Use of Special Invoices
shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions for relevant
penalties prescribed in the
4. If any problems are found in the implementation of the
the State Administration of Taxation promptly. Local governments or
departments should not alter these Provisions at will in the course of
their implementation and shall abide to implement accordingly.
Article 1
Special invoices of Value-Added Tax (hereinafter referred to as
"special invoices") shall be obtained, bought and used only by general
taxpayers that pay Value-Added Tax, and not by small-scale taxpayers or
non-Value-Added-Tax taxpayers.
Article 2
General taxpayers shall not obtain, buy or use special invoices in
any one of the following cases:
(1) The accounting system is unsound, i. e., it cannot accurately
compute the output tax, input tax and the amount of Value-Added Tax
payable as required under the accounting regulations and by tax
authorities;
(2) Accurate information for the output tax, input tax, the amount of
Value-Added Tax payable and other information relating to Value-Added Tax
cannot be provided to tax authorities.
The content of "other information relating to Value-Added Tax"
mentioned above shall be defined by the taxation bureaux which are
directly under the State Administration of Taxation;
(3) Engagement in the following activities and failure to correct
itself within the time limit prescribed by tax authorities:
a. Printing special invoices without authorization;
b. Buying special invoices from individual persons or units other
than tax authorities;
c. Using special invoices borrowed from other;
d. Providing special invoices for use by other;
e. Failing to issue special invoices in accordance with the
requirements as prescribed in Article 5 of the Provisions;
f. Failing to preserve special invoices in accordance with the
requirements under the Provisions;
g. Failing to file the information on the status of the purchase, use
and inventory of special invoices as prescribed in Article 16 of the
Provisions;
h. Failing to accept inspection by tax authorities according to the
requirements under the Provisions.
(4) Sale of goods which fall within the tax exempt items.
If any of the aforesaid cases occur with a general taxpayer that has
obtained, bought and used special invoices, the tax authorities shall take
away the special invoices retained by that taxpayers.
Article 3
Except for the circumstances specified in Article 4 of these
Provisions, general taxpayer selling goods (including those regarded as
selling goods), taxable services, or non-taxable services on which
Value-Added Tax shall be levied as prescribed in the Detailed Rules for
the Implementation of Value-Added Tax (hereinafter referred to as "selling
taxable items") must issue special invoices to purchasers.
Article 4
Special invoices cannot be issued in the following circumstances:
(1) Selling taxable items to consumers;
(2) Selling tax exempt items;
(3) Selling goods that have been declared export at the customs
office or selling taxable services abroad;
(4) Using goods on items not subject to Value-Added Tax;
(5) Using goods on group welfare or for personal consumption;
(6) Presenting goods as gifts to others without a consideration; or
(7) Providing non-taxable services (except services on which
Value-Added Tax shall be levied), transferring intangible assets, or
selling immovable property.
Taxable items can be sold to small-scale taxpayers without issuing
special invoices.
Article 5
Special invoices must be issued in accordance with the following
requirements:
(1) The writing must be legible;
(2) There shall be no alteration;
If a special invoice is filled out incorrectly, it should be affixed
with the words "canceled for mistakes" and a new special invoice would be
issued. If a special invoice that has been issued and becomes invalid as a
result of not being claimed by the purchasers, it shall also be handled as
if the invoice is filled out incorrectly.
(3) All the items should be filled in;
(4) The special invoice and the goods must tally with each other, the
amount specified on the special invoice and the amount of money collected
must tally with each other;
(5) The content of all items are correct;
(6) All copies of the invoice shall be filled out at one time and the
content and amount on all copies shall be consistent;
(7) The "invoice copy" and the "credit copy" shall be affixed with
the special stamp for use by the financial department or for use in
invoices;
(8) Special invoices must be issued at the time prescribed in Article
6 of the Provisions;
(9) Counterfeit special invoices shall not be issued;
(10) Special invoices detached from invoice books shall not be used;
and
(11) Special invoices that do not conform with the forms produced on
an unified basis by the State Administration of Taxation shall not be
used.
Any special invoices that do not conform with the aforesaid
requirements will not be used as taxcrediting certificates and purchasers
shall have the right not to accept them.
Article 6
The time limit for issuance of special invoices is prescribed as
follows:
(1) If accounts are settled by the methods of advance payment, bills
of collection and acceptance, or by authorizing banks to collect payments,
it is the day when the goods are despatched;
(2) If accounts are settled by the method of payment on delivery, it
shall be the day when the payment is received;
(3) If the accounts are settled by the methods of credit sales or
hire purchase, it is the day of collection prescribed in contracts;
(4) If goods are sold through consignment agents, it is the day when
the bills of consignment sales are received from consignee;
(5) For the transfer of goods from one establishment to another for
sale by a taxpayer who maintains two or more establishments and keeps
their accounts on a consolidated basis, if Value-Added Tax shall be levied
on such goods according to the provisions, it is the day when the goods
are transferred;
(6) For goods provided to other units or individual business
operators in the from of investment, it is the day when the goods are
transferred; or
(7) For goods distributed to shareholders, it is the day when the
goods are transferred.
General taxpayers must issue special invoices at the prescribed time,
neither earlier nor later.
Article 7
Special invoices are basically in quadruplicate, as stipulated on a
unified basis, and each copy shall be used in accordance with the
following provisions:
(1) The first copy is the "stub copy," which is kept by the seller
for reference;
(2) The second copy is the "invoice copy," which is used by the
purchaser as payment record for bookkeeping;
(3) The third copy is the "credit copy," which is used by the
purchaser as a certificate for claiming input tax credit; and
(4) The fourth copy is the "bookkeeping copy," which is used by the
seller as sales record for bookkeeping.
Article 8
Except for the purchase of tax-exempt agricultural products and
import of goods, the input tax on purchasing of taxable items shall not be
credited against the output tax in any one of the following circumstances:
(1) Failing to obtain special invoices as stipulated;
(2) Failing to preserve special invoices as stipulated; or
(3) The special invoices issued by sellers do not conform with the
requirements prescribed in Paragraphs (1) to (9) and Paragraph (11) of
Article 5 of the Provisions.
Article 9
"Failing to obtain special invoices as stipulated" mentioned in
Article 8 of the Provisions refers to one of the following circumstances:
(1) Failing to obtain special invoices from sellers; or
(2) Obtaining only the "bookkeeping copy" or obtaining only the
credit copy.
Article 10
"Failing to preserve special invoices as stipulated" mentioned in
Articles 2 and 8 of the Provisions refers to one of the following
circumstances:
(1) Failing to institute a special invoices control system as
required by tax authorities;
(2) Failing to assign a special person to safe-keep special invoices
as required by tax authorities;
(3) Failing to assign a special place for the safe-keeping of special
invoices as required by tax authorities;
(4) Failing to bind "credit copies" into booklets as required by tax
authorities;
(5) Unauthorized destruction of the basic copies of special invoices
that have not been checked or examined by tax authorities;
(6) Loss of the special invoices;
(7) Damaging (or tearing apart) special invoices; or
(8) Failing to meet other requirements for the preservation of
special invoices specified by the State Administration of Taxation or
taxation bureaux which are directly under it.
Article 11
If input tax on the purchase of taxable items has already been
credited with the output tax in any of the cases mentioned in Article 8 of
the Provisions, the credited amount shall be deducted from the input tax
on purchases in the period when the circumstances are discovered by tax
authorities.
Article 12
If, after goods have been sold and special invoices have been issued
to a purchaser, the goods are returned or having a discount allowed, they
shall be dealt with on the merits of each case and in accordance with the
following provisions:
In case when the purchaser has neither paid for the goods nor booked
them in the accounts, he or she should take the initiative to return the
original "invoice copy" and "credit copy" to the seller. After receiving
these copies, the seller should write the word "cancelled" on them and on
the related "stub copy" and "bookkeeping copy," which may be used as
certificates for deducting the output tax of the current period. Before
the seller receives the special invoices returned by a purchaser, he or
she cannot deduct the output tax of the current period. In case of
discount allowed, the seller shall issue special invoices anew on the
basis of the discounted prices.
If a purchaser has paid for the goods or though the goods have not
yet been paid but have been booked in the accounts, the purchaser cannot
return the "invoice copy" and "credit copy", he or she must secure a
"goods returned" or "discount claimed" certificate (hereinafter referred
to as the "certificate") issued by local competent tax authorities and
send it to seller, so that the latter may use it as the legal certificates
for issuing a red- letter special invoice. Before receiving the
certificate, the seller nay not issue any red-letter special invoice
Having received the certificate, the seller shall issue a red-letter
special invoice to the purchaser in accordance with the amount and prices
of goods returned or the amount of money discounted. The "stub copy" and
"bookkeeping copy" of the red-letter special invoice can be used by the
seller as certificates for deducting the output tax on saies of the
current period, while the "invoice copy" and "credit copy" can be used by
the purchaser as certificates for deducting the input tax.
After receiving the red-letter special invoice, the purchaser should
deduct the amount of Value-Added Tax specified on that invoice from the
input tax of the current period. Any default or decrease of tax payment
resulting from failure to make such deduction shall be regarded as tax
evasion.
Article 13
Taxpayers that use electronic computers in issuing special invoices
must apply to the tax authorities for approval and the use of
non-computer-printed invoices produced under the control and supervision
of the tax authorities.
Article 14
Generally taxpayers that meet the following conditions may apply to
the tax authorities for the use of electronic computers in issuing special
invoices:
(1) Have specialized electronic computer technicians and operators;
(2) Have the capacity and capability of issuing special invoices and
printing out monthly reports of purchases, sales and inventories through
electronic computers; and
(3) Can meet other conditions prescribed by taxation bureaux which
are directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 15
Applicants for the use of electronic computers must file their
applications with the tax authorities alongside the following information:
(1) An analog sample produced by electronic computer based on the
form of special invoices (non-computer-printed invoices);
(2) The reports of purchases, sales and inventories of the latest
month, which is in accordance with the accounting operation procedures,
produced by electronic computer.
(3) The configuration of electronic computer equipment;
(4) Information about the specialized electronic computer technicians
and operators; and
(5) Other information requested by the taxation bureaux which are
directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 16
Users of special invoices must truthfully record information on
purchase and use (including cancelled) of invoices and any invoices left
unused in the data columns appended to the
month.
Article 17
The "goods returned" or "discount claimed" certificate is basically
in triplicate: the first copy is "stub copy", which shall be kept by tax
authorities for records; the second copy is "certificate copy", which the
purchaser should send it to the seller and is to be used as the legal
certificates for issuing red-letter special invoices; the third copy shall
be retained by the purchaser.
Certificates must be issued by tax authorities and affixed with the
stamp of the tax authorities; certificates cannot be given to the
taxpayers for the issuance of the certificates by themselves.
Certificates shall be printed in accordance with the
provisions of the Detailed Rules and Regulations.
General taxpayers shall bind the certificate received into booklets
as required by the tax authorities and keep them in accordance with the
relevant certificate preservation provisions.
Article 18
The forms of special invoices and the format of "goods returned" or
"discount claimed" certificates shall be drawn up by the State
Administration of Taxation on a unified basis. They shall not be altered
by other organizations or taxpayers without authorization.
Article 19
"Tax authorities" and "competent tax authorities" mentioned in the
Provisions refer to the State Administration of Taxation and the
tax-collecting authorities that are one level above of the taxation
bureaux which are directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 20
Provisions shall come into effect on January 1, 1994.
中共中央关于修改宪法部分内容建议
中共中央关于修改宪法部分内容建议
全国人民代表大会常务委员会：
根据我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业发展的实践，中国共产党中央委员会提出关于修改《中华人民共和国宪法》部分内容的建议如下：
一、宪法序言第七自然段中“在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论指引下”
修改为“在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和‘三个代表’重要思想指引下”，“沿着建设有中国特色社会主义的道路”修改为“沿着建设中国特色社会主义道路”，“逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化”之后增加“推动物质文明、政治文明和精神文明协调发展”。这一自然段相应地修改为：“中国新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，是中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险阻而取得的。我国将长期处于社会主义初级阶段。国家的根本任务是，沿着建设中国特色社会主义道路，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。中国各族人民将继续在中国共产党领导下，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和‘三个代表’重要思想指引下，坚持人民民主专政，坚持社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，不断完善社会主义的各项制度，发展社会主义市场经济，发展社会主义民主，健全社会主义法制，自力更生，艰苦奋斗，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，推动物质文明、政治文明和精神文明协调发展，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。”
二、宪法序言第十自然段第二句“在长期的革命和建设过程中，已经结成由中国共产党领导的，有各民主党派和各人民团体参加的，包括全体社会主义劳动者、拥护社会主义的爱国者和拥护祖国统一的爱国者的广泛的爱国统一战线，这个统一战线将继续巩固和发展。”修改为：“在长期的革命和建设过程中，已经结成由中国共产党领导的，有各民主党派和各人民团体参加的，包括全体社会主义劳动者、社会主义事业的建设者、拥护社会主义的爱国者和拥护祖国统一的爱国者的广泛的爱国统一战线，这个统一战线将继续巩固和发展。”
三、宪法第十条第三款“国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对土地实行征用。”修改为：“国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对土地实行征收或者征用，并给予补偿。”
四、宪法第十一条第二款“国家保护个体经济、私营经济的合法的权利和利益。国家对个体经济、私营经济实行引导、监督和管理。”修改为：“国家保护个体经济、私营经济等非公有制经济的合法的权利和利益。国家鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济的发展，并对非公有制经济依法实行监督和管理。”
五、宪法第十三条“国家保护公民的合法的收入、储蓄、房屋和其他合法财产的所有权。”“国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产的继承权。”修改为：“公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。”“国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产权和继承权。”“国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对公民的私有财产实行征收或者征用，并给予补偿。”
六、宪法第十四条增加一款，作为第四款：“国家建立健全同经济发展水平相适应的社会保障制度。”
七、宪法第三十三条增加一款，作为第三款：“国家尊重和保障人权。”第三款相应地改为第四款。
八、宪法第五十九条第一款“全国人民代表大会由省、自治区、直辖市和军队选出的代表组成。各少数民族都应当有适当名额的代表。”修改为：“全国人民代表大会由省、自治区、直辖市、特别行政区和军队选出的代表组成。各少数民族都应当有适当名额的代表。”
九、宪法第六十七条全国人民代表大会常务委员会职权第二十项“（二十）决定全国或者个别省、自治区、直辖市的戒严”修改为“（二十）决定全国或者个别省、自治区、直辖市进入紧急状态”。
十、宪法第八十条“中华人民共和国主席根据全国人民代表大会的决定和全国人民代表大会常务委员会的决定，公布法律，任免国务院总理、副总理、国务委员、各部部长、各委员会主任、审计长、秘书长，授予国家的勋章和荣誉称号，发布特赦令，发布戒严令，宣布战争状态，发布动员令。”修改为：“中华人民共和国主席根据全国人民代表大会的决定和全国人民代表大会常务委员会的决定，公布法律，任免国务院总理、副总理、国务委员、各部部长、各委员会主任、审计长、秘书长，授予国家的勋章和荣誉称号，发布特赦令，宣布进入紧急状态，宣布战争状态，发布动员令。”
十一、宪法第八十一条“中华人民共和国主席代表中华人民共和国，接受外国使节；根据全国人民代表大会常务委员会的决定，派遣和召回驻外全权代表，批准和废除同外国缔结的条约和重要协定。”修改为：“中华人民共和国主席代表中华人民共和国，进行国事活动，接受外国使节；根据全国人民代表大会常务委员会的决定，派遣和召回驻外全权代表，批准和废除同外国缔结的条约和重要协定。”
十二、宪法第八十九条国务院职权第十六项“（十六）决定省、自治区、直辖市的范围内部分地区的戒严”修改为“（十六）依照法律规定决定省、自治区、直辖市的范围内部分地区进入紧急状态”。
十三、宪法第九十八条“省、直辖市、县、市、市辖区的人民代表大会每届任期五年。乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会每届任期三年。”修改为：“地方各级人民代表大会每届任期五年。”
十四、宪法第四章章名“国旗、国徽、首都”修改为“国旗、国歌、国徽、首都”。第一百三十六条增加一款，作为第二款：“中华人民共和国国歌是《义勇军进行曲》。”
以上建议，请全国人民代表大会常务委员会依照法定程序提出宪法修正案议案，提请第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议审议。
中国共产党中央委员会
2003年12月12日
